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Basanite  and Monzonite


Monzonite and Basanite 


Definition

Definition
Basanite is a black basaltic rock which mainly contains plagioclase, augite, olivine and nepheline and is formerly used as a touchstone  
Monzonite is a granular igneous rock with composition between syenite and diorite and containing approximately equal amounts of orthoclase and plagioclase  

History
  
  

Origin
-  
Trento Province, Italy  

Discoverer
Unknown  
Unknown  

Etymology
From Latin basanites + -ite  
From Mount Monzoni in the Tyrol, Italy, + -ite1  

Class
Igneous Rocks  
Igneous Rocks  

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Hard Rock  
Durable Rock, Hard Rock  

Family
  
  

Group
-  
Plutonic  

Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock  
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock  

Texture

Texture
Aphanitic to Porphyritic  
Phaneritic  

Color
Black, Brown, Green, Grey, Red, White  
Black, Brown, Light to Dark Grey, White  

Maintenance
Less  
Less  

Durability
Durable  
Durable  

Water Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Scratch Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Stain Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Wind Resistant
Yes  
No  

Acid Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Appearance
Glassy or Pearly  
Shiny  

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Homes  
Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Interior Decoration  

Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings  
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Office Buildings, Paving Stone  

Other Architectural Uses
Whetstones  
Curbing  

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
Arrowheads, Construction Aggregate, Cutting Tool, Spear Points  
As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate  

Medical Industry
-  
-  

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Monuments  
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture  

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
As a touchstone, Creating Artwork, Gemstone, In fire-starting tools, Manufacture of tools, Metallurgical Flux, Jewelry, To ignite fire, Used in flintlock firearms  
Creating Artwork  

Types

Types
Nepheline-Basanite, Analcite-Basanite and Leucite-Basanite  
Quartz Monzonite, Mangerite, Syenite and Diorite  

Features
Clasts are smooth to touch, Easily splits into thin plates, Has High structural resistance against erosion and climate, Used as a touchstone  
Available in lots of colors, Is one of the oldest rock  

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
-  
-  

Famous Monuments
-  
-  

Sculpture
-  
-  

Famous Sculptures
-  
-  

Pictographs
-  
-  

Petroglyphs
-  
-  

Figurines
-  
-  

Fossils
Absent  
Absent  

Formation

Formation
Basanite is a fine-grained, hard rock that forms when bits of lava shoot out of volcanoes.  
Monzonite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.  

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Augite, Feldspar, Ilmenite, Olivine, Plagioclase  
Albite, Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Muscovite or Illite, Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Sulfides, Titanite, Zircon  

Compound Content
Potassium Oxide, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide  
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide  

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism  
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism  

Weathering
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Weathering
Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering  
Biological Weathering  

Erosion
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion  
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Water Erosion  

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
7  
6-7  

Grain Size
Fine Grained  
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained  

Fracture
Uneven, Splintery or Conchoidal  
-  

Streak
White  
White  

Porosity
Highly Porous  
Less Porous  

Luster
Waxy and Dull  
Subvitreous to Dull  

Compressive Strength
100.00 N/mm2  
29
310.00 N/mm2  
2

Cleavage
-  
-  

Toughness
1.5  
-  

Specific Gravity
2.5-2.8  
2.8-3  

Transparency
Translucent to Opaque  
Opaque  

Density
2.7 g/cm3  
2.9-2.91 g/cm3  

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
0.74 kJ/Kg K  
21
0.92 kJ/Kg K  
10

Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant  
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant  

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
-  
China, India, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam  

Africa
Uganda  
Angola, Egypt, Ethiopia, Madagascar, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa  

Europe
Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain  
Bulgaria, England, Germany, Norway, Romania, Switzerland  

Others
Greenland, Mid-Atlantic Ridge  
-  

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
USA  
USA  

South America
Bolivia, Brazil  
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru  

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia  
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia  

Summary >>
<< Reserves

All about Basanite  and Monzonite Properties

Know all about Basanite  and Monzonite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Basanite  and Monzonite belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Basanite  is Aphanitic to Porphyritic whereas that of Monzonite is Phaneritic. Basanite  appears Glassy or Pearly and Monzonite appears Shiny. The luster of Basanite  is waxy and dull while that of Monzonite is subvitreous to dull. Basanite  is available in black, brown, green, grey, red, white colors whereas Monzonite is available in black, brown, light to dark grey, white colors. The commercial uses of Basanite  and Monzonite are as a touchstone, creating artwork, gemstone, in fire-starting tools, manufacture of tools, metallurgical flux, jewelry, to ignite fire, used in flintlock firearms.

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